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十二生肖由来
The Origin of the Chinese Zodiac
阿鸦和小喜
阿鸦 小喜
📜 文化小知识

在中国传统文化里,每一年都对应着一种生肖动物,一共有十二种,按固定顺序循环——鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。这套顺序是怎么定下来的呢?传说与很久以前一场特别的渡河比赛有关。

In Chinese tradition, every year is associated with one of twelve zodiac animals, cycling in a fixed order — Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, and Pig. How was this order decided? Legend says it all began with a special river-crossing race long ago.

那时候,玉皇大帝决定挑选十二种动物代表十二个年份,于是办了一场特别的比赛——谁先渡过河、到达对岸,谁的排位就靠前。消息一出,许多动物都跃跃欲试,纷纷赶来参加。

At that time, the Jade Emperor decided to select twelve animals to represent twelve years, so he held a special contest — whoever crossed the river first and reached the other side would rank higher. Once word spread, many animals eagerly rushed to take part.

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🐭 十二种动物齐聚河边,只有先渡河的十二位才能上榜——
可最后拿下第一名的,竟然不是跑得最快、也不是游得最好的那只……
付费解锁完整故事 · 十二生肖的传说 · 趣味词卡

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🐭 第49期:十二生肖由来
十二生肖由来

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小喜看到画里许多动物在河边跃跃欲试,好奇地问:"阿鸦,它们这是要做什么呀?"

Magpie saw a painting of many animals eagerly gathered by a river, and asked curiously, "A-Ya, what are they about to do?"

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阿鸦说:"这是十二生肖排位的传说,玉皇大帝办了一场渡河比赛,谁先到对岸,谁的生肖排位就靠前。"

A-Ya said, "This is the legend of how the zodiac order was decided. The Jade Emperor held a river-crossing race, and whoever reached the other side first would rank higher."

小喜追问:"那都有哪些动物参加呀?"

Magpie pressed on, "So which animals took part?"

阿鸦说:"鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪,一共十二种动物都赶来了。不过还有一只小动物,本来也想参加,却没能赶上。"

A-Ya said, "Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, and Pig — twelve animals in all rushed over. But there was one more little animal who wanted to join too, and never made it in time."

小喜惊讶:"谁呀?"

Magpie was amazed, "Who?"

阿鸦说:"是猫。猫本来托了一个好朋友帮忙,可这个朋友却出了岔子。"

A-Ya said, "It was the cat. The cat had asked a good friend for a favor, but that friend ended up making a mistake."

小喜好奇:"什么岔子呀?"

Magpie was curious, "What kind of mistake?"

阿鸦说:"具体发生了什么、最后十二种动物的顺序又是怎么排的,还得从头讲起。"

A-Ya said, "To find out exactly what happened, and how the twelve animals ended up in their final order, we'll have to start from the beginning."

🐭 阿鸦讲故事 · 十二生肖由来
📍 场景:热闹的渡河比赛现场
🐦
阿鸦,玉皇大帝为什么要办这场比赛呀?
A-Ya, why did the Jade Emperor hold this race?
🐦 小喜好奇地问……
🐦‍⬛
玉皇大帝决定挑选十二种动物代表十二个年份,于是办了一场渡河比赛,谁先渡过河、到达对岸,谁的排位就靠前。消息一出,许多动物都赶来参加。
The Jade Emperor decided to select twelve animals to represent twelve years, so he held a river-crossing race — whoever crossed the river first and reached the other side would rank higher. Once word spread, many animals rushed to take part.
📌 比赛 (bǐsài) = race
🐦
猫怎么没能参加呀?
How come the cat didn't get to take part?
🐦 小喜好奇地问……
🐦‍⬛
猫平时贪睡,怕自己起晚了错过比赛,就拜托好朋友老鼠比赛当天叫醒它。可是老鼠自己太兴奋,一心只想着怎么渡河,竟把这件事忘得一干二净。结果比赛那天,猫呼呼大睡,一直没能赶到河边,从此猫见到老鼠就想追,据说就是从那时候起结下的"梁子"。
The cat, who liked to sleep in, was worried about oversleeping and missing the race, so it asked its good friend the rat to wake it up on the big day. But the rat got so excited thinking about how to cross the river that it completely forgot. On the day of the race, the cat slept soundly through the whole thing and never made it to the river. From then on, cats have chased mice on sight — some say that's exactly where the rivalry began.
📌 机智 (jīzhì) = cleverness
🐦
那谁跑第一呀?牛不是最先游到岸边的吗?
So who came in first? Wasn't the ox the one who swam to shore first?
🐦 小喜忍不住问……
🐦‍⬛
牛确实游得最稳,眼看就要第一个上岸,可老鼠自己不会游泳,早就悄悄爬上了牛背,快到岸边时突然跳下来抢先一步,就这样老鼠成了第一名,牛屈居第二。后面老虎奋力游过湍急的河水排第三,兔子踩着浮木一跳一跳过了河排第四,龙飞得最快,却因为半路降雨帮助村民、还顺手拉了兔子一把,到达时排第五,蛇悄悄贴地爬行吓了马一跳,趁机超到第六,马紧随其后排第七,羊猴鸡三个一起搭伐子互相帮衬着到岸,分别排第八、九、十,狗一路戏水贪玩排第十一,猪吃饱喝足睡了一觉才慢悠悠游过来,排在最后第十二。就这样,十二生肖的顺序定了下来。
The ox really did swim the steadiest and was about to be first ashore, but the rat, who couldn't swim well, had quietly climbed onto the ox's back, then leapt off just before reaching the bank to take first place. So the rat became first, and the ox settled for second. The tiger fought hard against the rapid current to take third. The rabbit hopped across on floating logs for fourth. The dragon, the fastest flier, stopped midway to bring rain to help villagers and gave the rabbit a hand too, arriving fifth. The snake slithered quietly along the ground and startled the horse, sneaking ahead to sixth, with the horse right behind in seventh. The goat, monkey, and rooster shared a raft and helped each other across, landing eighth, ninth, and tenth. The dog played around in the water the whole way and came in eleventh. The pig ate its fill, took a nap, and finally swam over lazily, landing last in twelfth place. And that is how the order of the twelve zodiac animals was decided.
📌 排位 (páiwèi) = ranking
🐦‍⬛ 阿鸦说

小喜感叹道:"原来老鼠这么机智,还搭了牛的顺风车呀!"阿鸦点点头:"是呀,不过我们从这个故事里能看到的,不只是谁跑得快、谁最机智,还有像龙那样愿意半路停下来帮助别人的心意,这份善良同样值得被记住。"
Magpie sighed, "So the rat was so clever, even hitching a ride on the ox's back!" A-Ya nodded, "That's right — but what we can take from this story isn't just about who was fastest or cleverest. There's also the dragon, who was willing to stop midway to help others — that kindness deserves to be remembered too."

🎴 生肖词汇卡 · Zodiac Word Cards
🐲
生肖
shēngxiào
zodiac sign
十二生肖各有自己的顺序。
The twelve zodiac animals each have their own order.
🏞️
渡河
dùhé
to cross a river
动物们要渡河决出名次。
The animals had to cross the river to determine their rank.
🏁
比赛
bǐsài
race, competition
这是一场特别的渡河比赛。
This was a special river-crossing race.
🧠
机智
jīzhì
cleverness
老鼠靠机智拿到了第一名。
The rat used cleverness to win first place.
💛
善良
shànliáng
kindness
龙半路停下来帮助别人,十分善良。
The dragon stopped midway to help others, showing great kindness.
🔢
排位
páiwèi
ranking
十二生肖的排位就这样定下来了。
The ranking of the zodiac animals was decided this way.
🪵
浮木
fúmù
floating log
兔子踩着浮木过了河。
The rabbit hopped across on a floating log.
🌊
湍急
tuānjí
rapid, turbulent
河水湍急,老虎奋力游过。
The river current was rapid, and the tiger swam hard across.
🌑 小喜学到了 · Fun Facts

十二生肖的传说流传了几千年,如今在中国、韩国、越南等多个东亚国家依然沿用生肖纪年的方式,每个人的出生年份都对应着一种生肖动物,成为东亚文化里独特而有趣的传统。🐭🐮

The legend of the twelve zodiac animals has been told for thousands of years. Today, countries such as China, Korea, and Vietnam still use the zodiac to mark years, with each person's birth year corresponding to one of the animals — a unique and delightful tradition across East Asian cultures.

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